MicroPython 库

警告

本章节的重要摘要

  • MicroPython provides built-in modules that mirror the functionality of the Python standard library (e.g. os , time ), as well as MicroPython-specific modules (e.g. bluetooth , machine ).

  • Most standard library modules implement a subset of the functionality of the equivalent Python module, and in a few cases provide some MicroPython-specific extensions (e.g. array , os )

  • Due to resource constraints or other limitations, some ports or firmware versions may not include all the functionality documented here.

  • To allow for extensibility, the built-in modules can be extended from Python code loaded onto the device.

This chapter describes modules (function and class libraries) which are built into MicroPython. This documentation in general aspires to describe all modules and functions/classes which are implemented in the MicroPython project. However, MicroPython is highly configurable, and each port to a particular board/embedded system may include only a subset of the available MicroPython libraries.

With that in mind, please be warned that some functions/classes in a module (or even the entire module) described in this documentation may be unavailable in a particular build of MicroPython on a particular system. The best place to find general information of the availability/non-availability of a particular feature is the “General Information” section which contains information pertaining to a specific MicroPython port .

On some ports you are able to discover the available, built-in libraries that can be imported by entering the following at the REPL : 

help('modules')

Beyond the built-in libraries described in this documentation, many more modules from the Python standard library, as well as further MicroPython extensions to it, can be found in micropython-lib .

Port 特定库

In some cases the following port/board-specific libraries have functions or classes similar to those in the machine library. Where this occurs, the entry in the port specific library exposes hardware functionality unique to that platform.

To write portable code use functions and classes from the machine module. To access platform-specific hardware use the appropriate library, e.g. pyb in the case of the Pyboard.

RP2040 特定库

The following libraries are specific to the RP2040, as used in the Raspberry Pi Pico.

Zephyr 特定库

The following libraries are specific to the Zephyr port.

从 Python 扩展内置库

In most cases, the above modules are actually named umodule 而不是 module , but MicroPython will alias any module prefixed with a u to the non- u version. However a file (or 冻结模块 ) named module.py will take precedence over this alias.

This allows the user to provide an extended implementation of a built-in library (perhaps to provide additional CPython compatibility). The user-provided module (in module.py ) can still use the built-in functionality by importing umodule directly. This is used extensively in micropython-lib 。见 分发包、包管理和部署应用程序 了解更多信息。

This applies to both the Python standard libraries (e.g. os , time , etc), but also the MicroPython libraries too (e.g. machine , bluetooth , etc). The main exception is the port-specific libraries ( pyb , esp , etc).

Other than when you specifically want to force the use of the built-in module, we recommend always using ``import module`` rather than ``import umodule``.