MicroPython 库 ¶
警告
本章节的重要摘要
-
MicroPython provides built-in modules that mirror the functionality of the Python standard library (e.g.
os
,time
), as well as MicroPython-specific modules (e.g.bluetooth
,machine
). -
Most standard library modules implement a subset of the functionality of the equivalent Python module, and in a few cases provide some MicroPython-specific extensions (e.g.
array
,os
) -
Due to resource constraints or other limitations, some ports or firmware versions may not include all the functionality documented here.
-
To allow for extensibility, the built-in modules can be extended from Python code loaded onto the device.
This chapter describes modules (function and class libraries) which are built into MicroPython. This documentation in general aspires to describe all modules and functions/classes which are implemented in the MicroPython project. However, MicroPython is highly configurable, and each port to a particular board/embedded system may include only a subset of the available MicroPython libraries.
With that in mind, please be warned that some functions/classes in a module (or even the entire module) described in this documentation may be unavailable in a particular build of MicroPython on a particular system. The best place to find general information of the availability/non-availability of a particular feature is the “General Information” section which contains information pertaining to a specific MicroPython port .
On some ports you are able to discover the available, built-in libraries that can be imported by entering the following at the REPL :
help('modules')
Beyond the built-in libraries described in this documentation, many more modules from the Python standard library, as well as further MicroPython extensions to it, can be found in micropython-lib .
Python 标准库和 Micro 库 ¶
The following standard Python libraries have been “micro-ified” to fit in with the philosophy of MicroPython. They provide the core functionality of that module and are intended to be a drop-in replacement for the standard Python library.
-
array
– 数值数据的数组 -
binascii
– 二进制/ASCII 转换 -
builtins
– 内置函数和异常 -
cmath
– 用于复数的数学函数 -
collections
– 集合和容器类型 -
errno
– 系统错误代码 -
gc
– 控制垃圾收集器 -
hashlib
– 哈希算法 -
heapq
– 堆队列算法 -
io
– 输入/输出流 -
json
– JSON 编码和解码 -
math
– 数学函数 -
os
– 基本 OS (操作系统) 服务 -
re
– 简单正则表达式 -
select
– 等待一组流的事件 -
socket
– 套接字模块 -
ssl
– SSL/TLS 模块 -
struct
– 打包和解包原语数据类型 -
sys
– 系统特定功能 -
time
– 时间相关函数 -
uasyncio
— 异步 I/O 调度器 -
zlib
– zlib 解压缩 -
_thread
– 多线程支持
MicroPython 特定库 ¶
以下库提供特定 MicroPython 实现功能。
Port 特定库 ¶
In some cases the following port/board-specific libraries have functions or classes similar to those in the
machine
library. Where this occurs, the entry in the port specific library exposes hardware functionality unique to that platform.
To write portable code use functions and classes from the
machine
module. To access platform-specific hardware use the appropriate library, e.g.
pyb
in the case of the Pyboard.
pyboard 特定库 ¶
下列库特定于 pyboard。
WiPy 特定库 ¶
以下库和类特定于 WiPy。
ESP8266 和 ESP32 特定库 ¶
以下库特定于 ESP8266 和 ESP32。
RP2040 特定库 ¶
The following libraries are specific to the RP2040, as used in the Raspberry Pi Pico.
Zephyr 特定库 ¶
The following libraries are specific to the Zephyr port.
从 Python 扩展内置库 ¶
In most cases, the above modules are actually named
umodule
而不是
module
, but MicroPython will alias any module prefixed with a
u
to the non-
u
version. However a file (or
冻结模块
) named
module.py
will take precedence over this alias.
This allows the user to provide an extended implementation of a built-in library (perhaps to provide additional CPython compatibility). The user-provided module (in
module.py
) can still use the built-in functionality by importing
umodule
directly. This is used extensively in
micropython-lib
。见
分发包、包管理和部署应用程序
了解更多信息。
This applies to both the Python standard libraries (e.g.
os
,
time
, etc), but also the MicroPython libraries too (e.g.
machine
,
bluetooth
, etc). The main exception is the port-specific libraries (
pyb
,
esp
, etc).
Other than when you specifically want to force the use of the built-in module, we recommend always using ``import module`` rather than ``import umodule``.